{"id":10232,"date":"2021-06-30T15:33:25","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T13:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/?post_type=hbi-publications&#038;p=10232"},"modified":"2026-08-20T15:35:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-20T13:35:54","slug":"intermediaries-vs-states-or-intermediaries-and-states-democracy-in-the-post-intermediation-age","status":"publish","type":"hbi-publications","link":"https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/en\/hbi-publications\/intermediaries-vs-states-or-intermediaries-and-states-democracy-in-the-post-intermediation-age\/","title":{"rendered":"Intermediaries vs. States or Intermediaries and States: Democracy in the Post-Intermediation Age"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"description\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-4557 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Teaser-Intermediaries-vs.-States-or-Intermediaries-300x193.png\" alt=\"Cover: Intermediaries vs. States or Intermediaries\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Teaser-Intermediaries-vs.-States-or-Intermediaries-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Teaser-Intermediaries-vs.-States-or-Intermediaries-768x494.png 768w, https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Teaser-Intermediaries-vs.-States-or-Intermediaries.png 840w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>In their conference paper, <a href=\"https:\/\/leibniz-hbi.de\/en\/staff\/martin-fertmann\">Martin Fertmann<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/leibniz-hbi.de\/en\/staff\/matthias-c-kettemann\">Matthias C. Kettemann<\/a> write about intermediaries and freedom of expression. The conference paper is available as an open access publication.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weizenbaum-library.de\/items\/6c2c7304-ec28-401f-bc19-e2f2582af478\">Artikel available for download (pdf)<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Humans are social beings. We experience ourselves through others. A lot of communication has now moved to online spaces. As the European Court of Human Rights put it in 2015, the internet provides \u201cessential tools for participation in activities and discussions concerning political issues and issues of general interest\u201d (ECHR 2015). In that sense, it is well accepted that \u201cthe internet plays a particularly important role with respect to the right to freedom of expression\u201d (Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe 2018), and that this role relies on private intermediaries\u2019 digital platforms that not just regulate access to the online communication space, but constitute \u2013 through their rules \u2013 large parts of it (Kettemann\/Schulz 2020). Given the normative frame for online communication is thus to a large extent defined by private actors, how can states, citizens and users influence the rules which determine the limits of what may be said online?<\/p>\n<p>Fertmann, M.; Kettemann, M. C. (2021): Intermediaries vs. States or Intermediaries and States: Democracy in the Post-Intermediation Age. In: Proceedings of the Weizenbaum Conference 2021. Berlin: Weizenbaum Institute for the Networked Society &#8211; The German Internet Institute, S. 1-4. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34669\/wi.cp\/3.19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34669\/wi.cp\/3.19<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2433,"template":"","tags":[398],"class_list":["post-10232","hbi-publications","type-hbi-publications","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-miscellaneous"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Intermediaries vs. States or Intermediaries and States: Democracy in the Post-Intermediation Age - Leibniz HBI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/newws.leibniz-hbi.de\/en\/hbi-publications\/intermediaries-vs-states-or-intermediaries-and-states-democracy-in-the-post-intermediation-age\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Intermediaries vs. States or Intermediaries and States: Democracy in the Post-Intermediation Age\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In their conference paper, Martin Fertmann and Matthias C. Kettemann write about intermediaries and freedom of expression. The conference paper is available as an open access publication. Artikel available for download (pdf) Abstract Humans are social beings. We experience ourselves through others. A lot of communication has now moved to online spaces. 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